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[h] Behavioral Science System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

34 years old patient presenting with Depressed mood, loss of interest to do anything, feelings of worthlessness, Insomnia, Concentration problems, loss of appetite and weight loss,  Suicidal ideations for 3 weeks?

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[q] Major depressive disorder is associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in ……..?

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[q] Severe depression, especially in older adults, may present with features similar to dementia and is known as ………..?

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– ≥ 2 depressive symptoms lasting ≥ 2 years with no more than 2 months without depressive symptoms.

– Often milder, Patient is functional, but at a suboptimal level.

– Not severe enough for hospitalization.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Lasting ≥ 2 years with ≥ 2 major depressive episodes associated with seasonal pattern (usually winter) and absence of nonseasonal depressive episodes.

– Atypical symptoms common (hypersomnia, hyperphagia, leaden paralysis).

– May be related to abnormal melatonin metabolism.

– Treat with bright light therapy (not melatonin tablets).

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

–  Characterized by mood reactivity (being able to experience improved mood in response to positive events), “reversed” vegetative symptoms (hypersomnia, hyperphagia), leaden paralysis (heavy feeling in arms and legs), long-standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity.

– Most common subtype of depression.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

36 years old patient presenting with inflated self-esteem, ↑ in goal-directed Activity,  ↓ need for Sleep, Talkativeness and pressured speech for 8 days?

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Like manic episode except mood disturbance is not severe enough to cause marked impairment in social and/or occupational functioning or to necessitate hospitalization.

– No psychotic features.

– Lasts ≥ 4 consecutive days.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

Bipolar I disorder includes manic episode(s) with or without a history of …….. Bipolar II is distinguished from bipolar I by ………….. and a history of one or more depressive episodes.

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[q] ……….. is a Milder form of bipolar disorder lasting ≥ 2 years, fluctuating between mild depressive and hypomanic symptoms with symptoms present at least half of the time, with any remission lasting ≤ 2 months.

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[q] Electroconvulsive therapy adverse effects include disorientation, temporary headache, and …………….?

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– 50–85% incidence rate.

– Characterized by depressed affect, tearfulness, and fatigue starting 2-3 days after delivery.

– Normal physical activity continues, and care of self and baby is seen.

– Usually resolves within 10 days.

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[q] Women with Maternal (postpartum) “blues” persisting beyond ……….. should be evaluated for MDD with peripartum onset.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– 10–15% incidence rate.

– Formerly called postpartum depression.

– Meets MDD criteria with onset no later than 1 year after delivery.

– The patient often does not get out of bed with care of self and baby neglected.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– 0.1–0.2% incidence rate.

– Characterized by mood-congruent delusions, hallucinations, and thoughts of harming the baby or self.

– Risk factors include history of bipolar or psychotic disorder, first pregnancy, family history, recent discontinuation of psychotropic medication.

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[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

Symptoms of shock, guilt, sadness, anxiety, yearning, and somatic symptoms that usually occur in waves after death of her husband, revolve around the deceased, Hallucinations of the deceased person (hearing the deceased speaking), thoughts of dying are present, typically involve joining the deceased. Duration: 4 months.

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[q] ……… involves obsessive preoccupation with the deceased and causes functional impairment, lasting at least 12 months (6 months in children).

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

33 years old female patient presenting with anxiety that is chronic, excessive, difficult to control, and causes significant distress and impairment unrelated to a specific person, situation, or event,  poor concentration, restlessness, fatigue, and impaired sleep for 8 months?

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[Qq]

[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Emotional symptoms (anxiety, depression) within 3 months of the onset of the stressor causing impairment following an identifiable psychosocial stressor (divorce, illness) and lasting < 6 months.

– If symptoms persist > 6 months after stressor ends, it is GAD.

– Symptoms do not meet criteria for MDD.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Exaggerated fear of embarrassment in social situations (public speaking, using public restrooms).

– For only occasional anxiety-inducing situations, benzodiazepine or β-blocker (propranolol) are used.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

–  Anxiety disorder characterized by symptoms of anxiety in situations where the person perceives their environment to be unsafe with no easy way to escape.

– Exaggerated fear of open or enclosed places, using public transportation, being in line or in crowds, or leaving home alone.

– Associated with panic disorder.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Marked anxiety about a specific object or situation for > 6 months.

– Examples: flying, heights, animals, injections, blood.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Condition characterized by time-consuming, recurrent, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors that the patient feels compelled to perform.

– Recurring intrusive thoughts, feelings, or sensations that cause severe distress; relieved in part by the performance of repetitive actions.

– Ego-dystonic: behavior inconsistent with one’s own beliefs and attitudes.

– Associated with Tourette syndrome.

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[q] ………. is Preoccupation with minor or imagined defect in appearance —> significant emotional distress or impaired functioning; patients often repeatedly seek cosmetic treatment.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

32 years old patient presenting with Palpitations, Paresthesias, Shortness of breath, Chest pain, Chills, Sweating, and Persistent concern and worrying of additional attacks?

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[q] Benzodiazepines provide rapid relief of symptoms in panic attack and are indicated for the management of acutely symptomatic and functionally impaired patients with panic disorder. ……….. would be the preferred choice in patient who is not acutely symptomatic and has a history of alcohol abuse.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Exposure to prior trauma (witnessing death, experiencing serious injury or rape) —-> persistent Hyperarousal, Avoidance of associated stimuli, intrusive Reexperiencing of the event (nightmares, flashbacks), changes in cognition or mood (fear, horror, Distress).

– Disturbance lasts ≥ 1 month with significant distress or impaired social-occupational functioning.

– Returning combat veterans and survivors of sexual assault are at high risk.

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[q] ……….  is a severe anxiety response characterized by re-experiencing of trauma, dissociation, negative mood, avoidance, and hyperarousal lasting >3 days and <1 month after exposure to a traumatic event.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Compulsively pulling out one’s own hair.

– Causes significant distress and persists despite attempts to stop.

– Presents with areas of thinning hair or baldness on any area of the body.

– Commonly affected sites include the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelids.

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[q] What is the most likely diagnosis?

– Child who is verbal and talkative at home but refuse to speak in specific social settings, commonly at school.

– It is considered an anxiety disorder and should be treated early to prevent long-term educational and social impairment.

– This diagnosis requires consistent (≥ 1 month) failure to talk in situations in which it is expected (school) despite speaking in other situations.

– Refusal to speak at school can impair both academic and social development and should not be considered normal shyness.

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[q] ………. is characterized by accumulation of a large number of possessions that may clutter living areas to the point that they are unusable. Patients experience intense distress when attempting to discard possessions regardless of their actual value.

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