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[h] Reproductive System Flashcards

[i] Master this session in just 5 minutes.

[q] ……. and ……… are GnRH analogs. When used in pulsatile fashion act as GnRH agonists and when used in continuous fashion first transiently act as GnRH agonists (tumor flare), but subsequently act as GnRH antagonists (downregulate GnRH receptor in pituitary —> ↓FSH/LH). Can be used for treatment of uterine fibroids, endometriosis, precocious puberty, prostate cancer (continuous), infertility (pulsatile). And cause Hypogonadism (continuous use), ↓ libido, erectile dysfunction, nausea, vomiting as a side effects.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEdvc2VyZWxpbiwgTGV1cHJvbGlkZS4=

[q] ……… is GnRH antagonist without start-up flare. Can be used for treatment of Prostate cancer and cause Hot flashes, liver toxicity as side effects.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IERlZ2FyZWxpeC4=

[q] …………. are considered absolute contraindication to use estrogen.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEVSIOKKlSBicmVhc3QgY2FuY2VyLCBoaXN0b3J5IG9mIERWVHMsIHRvYmFjY28gdXNlIGluIHdvbWVuICZndDsgMzUgeWVhcnMgb2xkLg==[Qq]

[q] ……… is a selective estrogen receptor modulators that works as antagonist at estrogen receptors in hypothalamus and prevents normal feedback inhibition and ↑ release of LH and FSH from pituitary, which stimulates ovulation. It cn be used to treat infertility due to anovulation (PCOS). May cause hot flashes, visual disturbances, ovarian enlargement, multiple simultaneous pregnancies as side effects.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IENsb21pcGhlbmUgKEZlcnRpbGl0eSBwaWxscyku

[q] …………. is a selective estrogen receptor modulators that works as antagonist at breast; agonist at bone, uterus. Used to treat and prevent recurrence of ER/PR ⊕ breast cancer. ↑ risk of thromboembolic events and endometrial cancer.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRhbW94aWZlbi4=

[q] ………… is a selective estrogen receptor modulators that works as antagonist at breast, uterus; agonist at bone. Used primarily to treat osteoporosis. ↑ risk of thromboembolic events but no increased risk of endometrial cancer.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFJhbG94aWZlbmUu

[q] ………….. inhibit peripheral conversion of androgens to estrogen. Used for treatment of ER ⊕ breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFyb21hdGFzZSBpbmhpYml0b3JzIChBbmFzdHJvem9sZSwgbGV0cm96b2xlLCBleGVtZXN0YW5lKS4=

[q] …………. bind progesterone receptors, ↓ growth and ↑ vascularization of endometrium, thicken cervical mucus. Can be used as a contraception method preferred in breastfeeding (forms include pill, intrauterine device, implant, depot injection), endometrial cancer (inhibit hyperplasia), abnormal uterine bleeding (stabilizes endometrium).

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFByb2dlc3RpbnMuIA==TGV2b25vcg==Z2VzdA==[Qq]rel, medroxyprogesterone, etonogestrel, norethindrone, megest

[q] ………. is a competitive inhibitors of progestins at progesterone receptors. Can be used for termination of pregnancy or as emergency contraception.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEFudGlwcm9nZXN0aW5zIChNaWZlcHJpc3RvbmUsIHVsaXByaXN0YWwpLg==[Qq]

[q] ………………. is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of breast cancer caused by tumor cells that overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). The major adverse effect of it is a risk of ……….?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRyYXN0dXp1bWFiLCBjYXJkaW90b3hpY2l0eS4=[Qq]

[q] The main mechanism of action of Combined contraception is …………?

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEVzdHJvZ2VuIGFuZCBwcm9nZXN0aW5zIGluaGliaXQgTEgvRlNIIGFuZCB0aHVzIHByZXZlbnQgZXN0cm9nZW4gc3VyZ2Uu[Qq]

[q] ……………. produces local inflammatory reaction toxic to sperm and ova, preventing fertilization and implantation. Long-acting reversible contraception and is the most effective emergency contraception.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IENvcHBlciBpbnRyYXV0ZXJpbmUgZGV2aWNlLg==

[q] …………. is a tocolytic agent that works by β2-agonist action relaxing the uterus.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IHRlcmJ1dGFsaW5lLg==[Qq]

[q] …………… is a synthetic androgen that acts as partial agonist at androgen receptors. Can be used for treatment of Endometriosis, hereditary angioedema. Cause weight gain, edema, acne, hirsutism, masculinization, ↓ HDL levels, hepatotoxicity as side effects.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IERhbmF6b2wu[Qq]

[q] ……………. is a 5α-reductase inhibitor (↓ conversion of testosterone to DHT). Used for BPH and male pattern baldness. And cause gynecomastia (the excess testosterone is then available for conversion to estrogens by aromatase) and sexual dysfunction as adverse effects.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IEZpbmFzdGVyaWRlLg==

[q] ……………….. is a nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor at androgen receptors. Used for prostate carcinoma.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]wqBGbHV0YW1pZGUsIGJpY2FsdXRhbWlkZSwgYXBhbHV0YW1pZGUsIGVuemFsdXRhbWlkZS4=[Qq]

[q] Men with prostate cancer who receive androgen-deprivation therapy  can develop gynecomastia. Treatment with ………….., a selective estrogen receptor modulator that acts as an estrogen antagonist in the breast, can reduce the risk of gynecomastia in these patients.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IHRhbW94aWZlbi4=[Qq]

[q] …………… is α1-antagonist used to treat BPH by inhibiting smooth muscle contraction. Selective for α1A/D receptors (found on prostate) vs vascular α1B receptors (cause orthostatic hypotension).

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFRhbXN1bG9zaW4u[Qq]

[q] ……………… inhibit PDE-5 —> ↑ cGMP —> prolonged smooth muscle relaxation in response to NO —> blood flow in corpus cavernosum of penis, ↓ pulmonary vascular resistance. Risk of life-threatening hypotension in patients taking nitrates.

[c]IFNob3cgbWUgdG hlIGFuc3dlcg==[Qq]

[f]IFBob3NwaG9kaWVzdGVyYXNlIHR5cGUgNSBpbmhpYml0b3JzICg=U2lsZGVuYWZpbA==LCB2YXJkZW5hZmlsLCB0YWRhbGE=[Qq]fil).

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